FILE - In this June 27, 2006 file photo, reviewed by a U.S. Department of Defense official, U.S. military guards walk within Camp Delta military-run prison, at the Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, Cuba. The White House is threatening that President Barack Obama would veto the defense bill unless Congress makes changes. The Office of Management and Budget issued a statement Thursday as the Senate debated the $631 billion bill. Specifically, the White House complained about provisions restricting the administration's ability to transfer detainees from the U.S. Naval facility at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, to foreign countries. The White House also complained about the prohibition on funds to build a detention facility in the US. (AP Photo/Brennan Linsley, File)
FILE - In this June 27, 2006 file photo, reviewed by a U.S. Department of Defense official, U.S. military guards walk within Camp Delta military-run prison, at the Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, Cuba. The White House is threatening that President Barack Obama would veto the defense bill unless Congress makes changes. The Office of Management and Budget issued a statement Thursday as the Senate debated the $631 billion bill. Specifically, the White House complained about provisions restricting the administration's ability to transfer detainees from the U.S. Naval facility at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, to foreign countries. The White House also complained about the prohibition on funds to build a detention facility in the US. (AP Photo/Brennan Linsley, File)
WASHINGTON (AP) ? The Senate has voted to accelerate the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Afghanistan.
The 62-33 vote on Thursday reflected the nation's war-weariness after more than a decade of fighting.
Although the vote was for a nonbinding amendment to the defense bill, it sent a strong signal about the ongoing conflict. Democratic Sen. Jeff Merkley of Oregon sponsored the measure.
It also set the stage for a fight with the House, which passed a bill in May that calls for President Barack Obama to maintain a force of at least 68,000 troops through the end of 2014.
The House and Senate will have to reconcile their competing versions of the defense policy bill.
Some impressive investors including Mayo Ventures, Kleiner Perkins, Mohr Davidow and Aberdare Ventures have thrown $1 million in seed money behind an ambitious Rock Health fitness startup by the name of Wello.
The startup has created an online marketplace that connects physical trainers with clients and enables live, online personal training via video chat.
The seed round, which also saw contributions from Morado Ventures, S-Cubed Capital, PhilQuo Ventures and angel investors, will propel the startup as it readies to launch a new offering early next year.
Right now, Wello facilitates personalized, one-on-one training sessions between consumers and more than 150 certified physical trainers. The next step is to launch fitness classes led by those trainers so that users can do joint sessions with family or friends in different places, or join a structured class with others who are interested in the same activity and are available at the same time. That would bring down the cost of a session, co-founder Leslie Silverglide noted, which ranges from $35 to $199 per hour depending on the trainer.
For consumers, the value proposition is obvious: more motivation to work out and help from someone who knows what they?re doing, without having to leave home. The site lets users search for trainers based on style and specialty. For trainers, Wello provides an additional revenue stream and the potential to fill typically unbooked hours during the day with appointments. Trainers are screened by the company?s on-staff personal trainer and must take a class on how to train through video.
Wello takes a part of the per-session payment, but not nearly as much as the up-to-80 percent that gyms take from trainers? fees, Silverglide said. That enables trainers to charge less for a session.
Silverglide and co-founder Ann Scott Plante met as business students at Stanford University and started working on the site at the beginning of 2011. They launched it in a private beta mode in March of this year and publicly in July.
They won?t say just how many people are using the site, but they will say that those that use it tend to return. ?Two-thirds of people that try a session once will come on and try it again,? Plante said, adding that some customers have already done up to 50 sessions in the four months the site has been live.
As far as competition goes, the closest thing to Wello appears to be HealthFleet Inc., a Connecticut e-coaching startup for weight loss. But Wello is probably tapping into the same pool of people who would use services or mobile tools that track and personalize health recommendations like FitKit, Healthrageous and Enforcer eCoaching.
Although the founders are spending their time in Rock Health?s incubator program developing and preparing to launch the new features next year, they aren?t planning on stopping there. ?Ultimately we hope to connect people with experts in nutrition, sports therapy, etc.,? Silverglide said.
[Image courtesy Wello]
Copyright 2012 MedCity News. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
A property management and maintenance company can be a great resource for people who own real estate of all varieties. Just like managers in any other business, a quality property management firm can monitor the care and financial needs of any building. They work to locate quality tenants who respect and care for the property and always pay on time. We will act as a liaison between you and the tenant alleviating the burden of owners who already have busy lives. Choosing a respected property management company can make the real estate process simple. Our company have the skills and knowledge to make your ownership experience easy and painless. You can take comfort in the knowledge that we will treat your real estate as if it were our own. HOA Management Plano
A 30-year-old high school dropout accused of murdering his disabled mother was deemed ?not a significant threat to the safety of the public? two years ago stemming from an attack on his father.
Rene Goudreau, who is charged with first-degree murder of his wheelchair-bound mother, 53-year-old Lucie Goudreau, has a long history of mental illness, including schizoaffective and bipolar disorders, according to Ontario Review Board documents obtained by the Sun.
They paint a troubled picture of Goudreau. According to his own interviews, he experimented with alcohol at 13, marijuana a year later. After dropping out at 19, he bounced between jobs, including tele-marketing, fast food and construction.
He stayed now and again at his mother?s Woodridge Cres. apartment where her body was found after a Tuesday morning morning.
In 2010, after his 56-year-old father Jacques Goudreau died of cancer, he moved back with his mother.
Goudreau had reconciled with his father. He had been ordered to have no contact after he broke down his father?s door and attacked him in 2008.
It started when Jacques locked Rene out, but after the attack and the arrest, his mother let him back into the apartment the next day. In 2008, he was found not criminally responsible on charges of assault causing bodily harm, assault and intent to resist arrest and mischief.
And it was Lucie who told doctors in 2010 she ?very much appreciates? Rene living with her since she has multiple sclerosis and depends on him daily.
The ORB ruled in Oct. 2010 that Goudreau was ?not a significant threat to public safety.?
At the time of the attack, Goudreau was manic, and as long as his symptoms were controlled with medication, the chance of another violent incident was ?unlikely,? the documents stated at the time.
Goudreau started psychiatric care in 2004 at the Ottawa Hospital after being arrested by police for trespassing.
There were other arrests and hospitalizations ? once for breaking a bus window in 2007 and when he was caught running naked down the street.
Goudreau had a history of not taking his medication, mild substance and alcohol abuse, the documents suggest.
In 2001, he was convicted of attempted theft under $5,000 and assault.
In 2008 and 2009, Goudreau was deemed to pose ?a significant threat to the safety of the public.? Several times he was discharged to a subsidized apartment, where conditions included he refrain from alcohol or drugs, not have weapons and submit to random urine samples.
But in 2010, the review board changed its opinion.
Goudreau appeared in Ottawa court on Wednesday, where a judge ordered a 30-day psychiatric assessment to determine if he?s fit to stand trial.
He is not entering a plea, said his lawyer Doug Baum, because ?there?s a concern about his perception of reality and understanding of the proceedings.?
?He does appear to be a little unstable ? I think that is obvious,? Baum said outside court.
?There are some concerns, the court shares them, which is why a psychiatric opinion has been sought.
?He?s been ill for some time.?
Goudreau muttered incoherently during his first court appearance Tuesday, when Baum told the court his client had a history at the Royal Ottawa Hospital Mental Health Centre.
Twitter: @ottawasundbell
? With files from Megan Gillis
Other cases of children killing their parents in the last decade:
In December 2010, Zhou Fang of Ottawa fatally shot his father in the back with a crossbow and then smashed his skull with a hammer at a Toronto library. A courtroom heard that Fang endured years of abuse by his father and suffered from post traumatic stress when he committed the murder. He was sentenced to life in prison with no chance of parole for 10 years.
In 2008, Aaron Howard was found guilty of second degree murder for the brutal slaying of his adoptive mother Deborah Frankel-Howard. Aaron, 19 at the time, bludgeoned his mother to death with a lead gas pipe. Aaron fled the city and eventually turned himself into an RCMP detachment in Manitoba. Deborah?s body was found in a cold storage closet in the basement of their Gage Cres. home.
In March 2005, Daniel Maxheleau stabbed to death his parents Gerald and Louise and his sister Michelle, 25. At the time, Maxheleau told doctors he believed he was pregnant and his family wanted to hurt him and his unborn baby. He was diagnosed as a paranoid schizophrenic and was found not criminally responsible on three charges of first-degree murder.
In 2000, wealthy Renfrew cattle rancher Kenneth Dick, 81, was found beaten and stabbed to death on his farm. It was soon revealed that his murder was motivated by money ? Dick?s son Peter, 51, hired Leroy Baumhour and Brian Reavie to murder his father.
ScienceDaily: Gene Newshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/genes/ Genes and Genetics News. Read today's medical research in genetics including what can damage genes, what can protect them, and more.en-usWed, 28 Nov 2012 19:12:42 ESTWed, 28 Nov 2012 19:12:42 EST60ScienceDaily: Gene Newshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gifhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/genes/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily.Double duty: Immune system regulator found to protect brain from effects of strokehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128143549.htm A small molecule known to regulate white blood cells has a surprising second role in protecting brain cells from the deleterious effects of stroke, researchers report. The molecule, microRNA-223, affects how cells respond to the temporary loss of blood supply brought on by stroke -- and thus the cells' likelihood of suffering permanent damage.Wed, 28 Nov 2012 14:35:35 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128143549.htmScientists pair blood test and gene sequencing to detect cancerhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128142651.htm Scientists have combined the ability to detect cancer DNA in the blood with genome sequencing technology in a test that could be used to screen for cancers, monitor cancer patients for recurrence and find residual cancer left after surgery.Wed, 28 Nov 2012 14:26:26 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128142651.htmScientists uncover a novel cooperative effort to stop cancer spreadhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128122041.htm Scientists have uncovered a group of what have been considered relatively minor regulators in the body that band together to suppress the spread of cancer from its primary site.Wed, 28 Nov 2012 12:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128122041.htmChanges in nerve cells may contribute to the development of mental illnesshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128122035.htm Reduced production of myelin, a type of protective nerve fiber that is lost in diseases like multiple sclerosis, may also play a role in the development of mental illness, according to new research.Wed, 28 Nov 2012 12:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128122035.htmFirst success of targeted therapy in most common genetic subtype of non-small cell lung cancerhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128121505.htm Chemotherapy and a new, targeted therapy work better in combination than chemotherapy alone in treating patients with the most common genetic subtype of lung cancer, new research suggests.Wed, 28 Nov 2012 12:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128121505.htmImmune system could play a central role in age-related macular degenerationhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128093919.htm Changes in how genes in the immune system function may result in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of visual impairment in older adults. The findings are epigenetic in nature, meaning that the underlying DNA is normal but gene expression has been modified, likely by environmental factors, in an adverse way. Environmental factors associated with AMD include smoking, diet, and aging. This is the first epigenetic study revealing the molecular mechanisms for any eye disease.Wed, 28 Nov 2012 09:39:39 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128093919.htmMany flame retardants in house dust at unsafe levels, study findshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128093810.htm In a new study of the largest number of flame retardants ever tested in homes, researchers found that most houses had levels of at least one flame retardant that exceeded a federal health guideline.Wed, 28 Nov 2012 09:38:38 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121128093810.htmHow infidelity helps nieces and nephews: Men may share more genes with sisters' kids than cheating wife's kidshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127190021.htm A new study produced new mathematical support for a theory that explains why men in some cultures often feed and care for their sisters? children: where extramarital sex is common and accepted, a man?s genes are more likely to be passed on by their sister?s kids than by their wife?s kids.Tue, 27 Nov 2012 19:00:00 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127190021.htmGene linked to respiratory distress in babieshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127130256.htm Some infants are more susceptible to potentially life-threatening breathing problems after birth, and rare, inherited DNA differences may explain why, according to new research.Tue, 27 Nov 2012 13:02:02 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127130256.htmNew understanding of X chromosome inactivationhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127101534.htm Scientists have broadened our understanding of how cells regulate silencing of the X chromosome in a process known as X-inactivation.Tue, 27 Nov 2012 10:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127101534.htmNew mechanism for cancer progression discoveredhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127094311.htm Researchers have discovered an alternative mechanism for activating rhe oncogene Ras that does not require mutation or hormonal stimulus.Tue, 27 Nov 2012 09:43:43 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127094311.htmProtein injection points to muscular dystrophy treatmenthttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127094248.htm Scientists have discovered that injecting a novel human protein into muscle affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy significantly increases its size and strength, findings that could lead to a therapy akin to the use of insulin by diabetics.Tue, 27 Nov 2012 09:42:42 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127094248.htmChemical 'switches' for neurodegenerative diseases discoveredhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127093951.htm Researchers have identified and ?switched off? a chemical chain that causes neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington?s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dementia. The findings could one day be of particular therapeutic benefit to Huntington?s disease patients.Tue, 27 Nov 2012 09:39:39 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127093951.htmGene that causes tumor disorder linked to increased breast cancer riskhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127093855.htm New research showing a more than four-fold increase in the incidence of breast cancer in women with neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) adds to growing evidence that women with this rare genetic disorder may benefit from early breast cancer screening with mammograms beginning at age 40, and manual breast exams as early as adolescence.Tue, 27 Nov 2012 09:38:38 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121127093855.htmMetabolic protein launches sugar feast that nurtures brain tumorshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126164003.htm PKM2 slips into nucleus to promote cancer; potential biomarker and drug approach discovered.Mon, 26 Nov 2012 16:40:40 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126164003.htmPossible new treatment for Ewing sarcomahttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126142855.htm Discovery of a new drug with high potential to treat Ewing sarcoma, an often deadly cancer of children and young adults, and the previously unknown mechanism behind it, come hand-in-hand in a new study.Mon, 26 Nov 2012 14:28:28 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126142855.htmSurvival gene may be key to controlling HIV and hepatitishttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126131349.htm A newly discovered gene that is essential for embryo survival could also hold the key to treating and potentially controlling chronic infections such as HIV, hepatitis and tuberculosis. The gene, called Arih2, is fundamental to the function of the immune system -- making critical decisions about whether to switch on the immune response to an infection.Mon, 26 Nov 2012 13:13:13 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126131349.htmMicrobial 'missing link' discovered after man impales hand on tree branchhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126110737.htm Two years ago, a 71-year-old Indiana man impaled his hand on a branch after cutting down a dead tree. The wound caused an infection that led scientists to discover a new bacterium and solve a mystery about how bacteria came to live inside insects.Mon, 26 Nov 2012 11:07:07 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121126110737.htmTransposable elements reveal a stem cell specific class of long noncoding RNAshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121125192838.htm Over a decade after sequencing the human genome, it has now become clear that the genome is not mostly ?junk? as previously thought. In fact, the ENCODE project consortium of dozens of labs and petabytes of data have determined that these ?noncoding? regions house everything from disease trait loci to important regulatory signals, all the way through to new types of RNA-based genes.Sun, 25 Nov 2012 19:28:28 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121125192838.htmNew molecular culprit linked to breast cancer progressionhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121124090511.htm Researchers have uncovered a protein ?partner? commonly used by breast cancer cells to unlock genes needed for spreading the disease around the body. A report on the discovery details how some tumors get the tools they need to metastasize.Sat, 24 Nov 2012 09:05:05 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121124090511.htmNew insights into virus proteome: Unknown proteins of the herpesvirus discoveredhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121123092132.htm The genome encodes the complete information needed by an organism, including that required for protein production. Viruses, which are up to a thousand times smaller than human cells, have considerably smaller genomes. Using a type of herpesvirus as a model system scientists have shown that the genome of this virus contains much more information than previously assumed. The researchers identified several hundred novel proteins, many of which were surprisingly small.Fri, 23 Nov 2012 09:21:21 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121123092132.htmScientists describe elusive replication machinery of flu viruseshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152928.htm Scientists have made a major advance in understanding how flu viruses replicate within infected cells. The researchers used cutting-edge molecular biology and electron-microscopy techniques to ?see? one of influenza?s essential protein complexes in unprecedented detail. The images generated in the study show flu virus proteins in the act of self-replication, highlighting the virus?s vulnerabilities that are sure to be of interest to drug developers.Thu, 22 Nov 2012 15:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152928.htmProtein folding: Look back on scientific advances made as result of 50-year old puzzlehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152910.htm Fifty years after scientists first posed a question about protein folding, the search for answers has led to the creation of a full-fledged field of research that led to major advances in supercomputers, new materials and drug discovery, and shaped our understanding of the basic processes of life, including so-called "protein-folding diseases" such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and type II diabetes.Thu, 22 Nov 2012 15:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152910.htmStep forward in regenerating and repairing damaged nerve cellshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145638.htm Researchers recently uncovered a nerve cell's internal clock, used during embryonic development. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new tools to repair and regenerate nerve cells following injuries to the central nervous system.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 14:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145638.htmArchitecture of rod sensory cilium disrupted by mutationhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145621.htm Using a new technique called cryo-electron tomography, scientists have created a three-dimensional map that gives a better understanding of how the architecture of the rod sensory cilium (part of one type of photoreceptor in the eye) is changed by genetic mutation and how that affects its ability to transport proteins as part of the light-sensing process.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 14:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145621.htmAging: Scientists further unravel telomere biologyhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130933.htm Researchers have resolved the structure of that allows a telomere-related protein, Cdc13, to form dimers in yeast. Mutations in this region of Cdc13 put the kibosh on the ability of telomerase and other proteins to maintain telomeres.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:09:09 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130933.htmDrug resistance biomarker could improve cancer treatmenthttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130811.htm Cancer therapies often have short-lived benefits due to the emergence of genetic mutations that cause drug resistance. A key gene that determines resistance to a range of cancer drugs has been reported in a new study. The study reveals a biomarker that can predict responses to cancer drugs and offers a strategy to treat drug-resistant tumors based on their genetic signature.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:08:08 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130811.htmGenome packaging: Key to breast cancer developementhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130703.htm Two recent studies delve into the role of chromatin modifying enzymes and transcription factors in tumour cells. In one, it was found that the PARP1 enzyme activated by kinase CDK2 is necessary to induce the genes responsible for the proliferation of breast cancer cells in response to progesterone. In another, extensive work has been undertaken to identify those genes activated by the administration of progesterone in breast cancer, the sequences that can be recognized and how these genes are induced.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:07:07 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130703.htmShort DNA strands in genome may be key to understanding human cognition and diseaseshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130643.htm Previously discarded, human-specific ?junk? DNA represents untapped resource in the study of diseases like Alzheimer?s and autism.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:06:06 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130643.htmBiomarking time: Methylome modifications offer new measure of our 'biological' agehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130633.htm In a new study, researchers describe markers and a model that quantify how aging occurs at the level of genes and molecules, providing not just a more precise way to determine how old someone is, but also perhaps anticipate or treat ailments and diseases that come with the passage of time.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:06:06 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130633.htmKidney tumors have a mind of their ownhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104552.htm New research has found there are several different ways that kidney tumors can achieve the same result -- namely, grow.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104552.htmMechanism to repair clumped proteins explainedhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104416.htm Clumped proteins can be dissolved with the aid of cellular repair systems -- a process of critical importance for cell survival especially under conditions of stress. Researchers have now decrypted the fundamental mechanism for dissolving protein aggregates that involves specific molecular chaperones.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:44:44 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104416.htmNovel mechanism through which normal stromal cells become cancer-promoting stromal cells identifiedhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104401.htm New understanding of molecular changes that convert harmless cells surrounding ovarian cancer cells into cells that promote tumor growth and metastasis provides potential new therapeutic targets for this deadly disease, according to new research.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:44:44 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104401.htmNew test for tuberculosis could improve treatment, prevent deaths in Southern Africahttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194932.htm A new rapid test for tuberculosis (TB) could substantially and cost-effectively reduce TB deaths and improve treatment in southern Africa -- a region where both HIV and tuberculosis are common.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 19:49:49 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194932.htmEvolution of human intellect: Human-specific regulation of neuronal geneshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194926.htm A new study has identified hundreds of small regions of the genome that appear to be uniquely regulated in human neurons. These regulatory differences distinguish us from other primates, including monkeys and apes, and as neurons are at the core of our unique cognitive abilities, these features may ultimately hold the key to our intellectual prowess (and also to our potential vulnerability to a wide range of 'human-specific' diseases from autism to Alzheimer's).Tue, 20 Nov 2012 19:49:49 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194926.htmRibosome regulates viral protein synthesis, revealing potential therapeutic targethttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132906.htm Rather than target RNA viruses directly, aiming at the host cells they invade could hold promise, but any such strategy would have to be harmless to the host. Now, a surprising discovery made in ribosomes may point the way to fighting fatal viral infections such as rabies.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 13:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132906.htmHow does antibiotic resistance spread? Scientists find answers in the nosehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120121835.htm Microbiologists studying bacterial colonization in mice have discovered how the very rapid and efficient spread of antibiotic resistance works in the respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (also known as the pneumococcus). The team found that resistance stems from the transfer of DNA between bacterial strains in biofilms in the nasopharynx, the area just behind the nose.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 12:18:18 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120121835.htmScientists identify inhibitor of myelin formation in central nervous systemhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100155.htm Scientists have discovered another molecule that plays an important role in regulating myelin formation in the central nervous system. Myelin promotes the conduction of nerve cell impulses by forming a sheath around their projections, the so-called axons, at specific locations -- acting like the plastic insulation around a power cord.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 10:01:01 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100155.htm'Obese but happy gene' challenges the common perception of link between depression and obesityhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120084725.htm Researchers have discovered new genetic evidence about why some people are happier than others. The scientists have uncovered evidence that the gene FTO -- the major genetic contributor to obesity -- is associated with an eight per cent reduction in the risk of depression. In other words, it's not just an obesity gene but a "happy gene" as well.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 08:47:47 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120084725.htmTelomere lengths predict life expectancy in the wild, research showshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119213144.htm Researchers have found that biological age and life expectancy can be predicted by measuring an individual's DNA. They studied the length of chromosome caps -- known as telomeres -- in a 320-strong wild population of Seychelles Warblers on a small isolated island.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 21:31:31 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119213144.htmCancer: Some cells don't know when to stophttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171403.htm Certain mutated cells keep trying to replicate their DNA -- with disastrous results -- even after medications rob them of the raw materials to do so, according to new research.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 17:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171403.htmMultiple sclerosis ?immune exchange? between brain and blood is uncoveredhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163301.htm DNA sequences obtained from a handful of patients with multiple sclerosis have revealed the existence of an ?immune exchange? that allows the disease-causing cells to move in and out of the brain.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163301.htmFruit fly studies guide investigators to molecular mechanism frequently misregulated in human cancershttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119132056.htm Changes in how DNA interacts with histones ?- the proteins that package DNA ?- regulate many fundamental cell activities from stem cells maturing into a specific body cell type or blood cells becoming leukemic. These interactions are governed by a biochemical tug of war between repressors and activators, which chemically modify histones signaling them to clamp down tighter on DNA or move aside and allow a gene to be expressed.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 13:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119132056.htm3-D light switch for the brain: Device may help treat Parkinson's, epilepsy; aid understanding of consciousnesshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114249.htm A new tool for neuroscientists delivers a thousand pinpricks of light to individual neurons in the brain. The new 3-D "light switch", created by biologists and engineers, could one day be used as a neural prosthesis that could treat conditions such as Parkinson's and epilepsy by using gene therapy to turn individual brain cells on and off with light.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 11:42:42 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114249.htmNew factor of genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer's diseasehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119104944.htm A large-scale international study has just discovered a gene for susceptibility to a rare disease providing evidence of the heterogeneous aetiology of Alzheimer's disease.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 10:49:49 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119104944.htmBlood cancer gene BCL6 identified as a key factor for differentiation of nerve cells of cerebral cortexhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119093848.htm The cerebral cortex is the most complex structure in our brain and the seat of consciousness, emotion, motor control and language. In order to fulfill these functions, it is composed of a diverse array of nerve cells, called cortical neurons, which are affected by many neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Researchers have opened new perspectives on brain development and stem cell neurobiology by discovering a gene called BCL6 as a key factor in the generation of cortical neurons during embryonic brain development.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 09:38:38 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119093848.htmMinority report: Insight into subtle genomic differences among our own cellshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141530.htm Scientists have demonstrated that induced pluripotent stem cells -- the embryonic-stem-cell look-alikes whose discovery a few years ago won this year's Nobel Prize in medicine -- are not as genetically unstable as was thought.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141530.htmSkin cells reveal DNA's genetic mosaichttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htm The prevailing wisdom has been that every cell in the body contains identical DNA. However, a new study of stem cells derived from the skin has found that genetic variations are widespread in the body's tissues, a finding with profound implications for genetic screening.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htmLikely basis of birth defect causing premature skull closure in infants identifiedhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htm Geneticists, pediatricians, surgeons and epidemiologists have identified two areas of the human genome associated with the most common form of non-syndromic craniosynostosis premature closure of the bony plates of the skull.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htmDNA packaging discovery reveals principles by which CRC mutations may cause cancerhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htm A new discovery concerning a fundamental understanding about how DNA works will produce a "180-degree change in focus" for researchers who study how gene packaging regulates gene activity, including genes that cause cancer and other diseases.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htmHepatitis C treatment's side effects can now be studied in the labhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htm Adverse side effects of certain hepatitis C medications can now be replicated in the lab, thanks to a research team. The new method aids understanding of recent failures of hepatitis C antiviral drugs in some patients, and could help to identify medications that eliminate adverse effects. The findings may aid the development of safer and more effective treatments for hepatitis C and other pathogens such as SARS and West Nile virus.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htmReconsidering cancer's bad guyhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htm Researchers have found that a protein, known for causing cancer cells to spread around the body, is also one of the molecules that trigger repair processes in the brain.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htmGene distinguishes early birds from night owls and helps predict time of deathhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htm New research shows that a gene is responsible for a person's tendency to be an early riser or night owl -- and helps determine the time of day a person is most likely to die.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htmClues to cause of kids' brain tumorshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htm Insights from a genetic condition that causes brain cancer are helping scientists better understand the most common type of brain tumor in children.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 09:12:12 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htmArthritis study reveals why gender bias is all in the geneshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htm Researchers have pieced together new genetic clues to the arthritis puzzle in a study that brings potential treatments closer to reality and could also provide insights into why more women than men succumb to the disabling condition.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:05:05 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htmClass of RNA molecules protects germ cells from damagehttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172255.htm Passing one's genes on to the next generation is a mark of evolutionary success. So it makes sense that the body would work to ensure that the genes the next generation inherits are exact replicas of the originals. Biologists have now identified one way the body does exactly that.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 17:22:22 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172255.htmQuick test speeds search for Alzheimer's drugs: Compound restores motor function and longevity to fruit flieshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115152655.htm Researchers report that an efficient, high-volume technique for testing potential drug treatments for Alzheimer's disease uncovered an organic compound that restored motor function and longevity to fruit flies with the disease.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 15:26:26 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115152655.htmProtein-making machinery can switch gears with a small structural change process; Implications for immunity and cancer therapyhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133414.htm For the past several years, research has focused on the intricate actions of an ancient family of catalytic enzymes that play a key role in translation, the process of producing proteins. In a new study, scientists have shown that this enzyme can actually also work in another fundamental process in humans.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:34:34 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133414.htmPlant derivative, tanshinones, protects against sepsis, study suggestshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133312.htm Researchers have discovered that tanshinones, which come from the plant Danshen and are highly valued in Chinese traditional medicine, protect against the life-threatening condition sepsis.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133312.htmStructure of enzyme topoisomerase II alpha unravelled providing basis for more accurate design of chemotherapeutic drugshttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132903.htm Medical researchers have for the first time described the structure of the active site core of topoisomerase II alpha, an important target for anti-cancer drugs. The type II topoisomerases are important enzymes that are involved in maintaining the structure of DNA and chromosome segregation during both replication and transcription of DNA. One of these enzymes, topoisomerase II alpha, is involved in the replication of DNA and cell proliferation, and is highly expressed in rapidly dividing cancer cells.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132903.htm
Indication of how much racism exists in the depths of this country?s psyche (and this includes among supposed upholders of ?law-and-order? such as police, judges, etc.) ?
President Barack Obama is the target of more than 30 potential death threats a day and is being protected by an increasingly over-stretched Secret Service. He is the most threatened President in history.
Since the President took office in 2008, the rate of threats against the president has increased 400% cent. Some threats to the President have been publicized, including the well known alleged plot by white supremacists in Tennessee to rob a gun store, shoot 88 black people, decapitate another 14 and then assassinate the first black president in American history.
?? America is a post-racial society in name and desire only. ?Attitudes toward racial integration have warmed, but in our homes and communities, we?re as segregated as ever; attitudes toward interracial dating have also warmed, but dating patterns remain mostly unchanged, with only 1% of all American marriages taking place between a black and a white person. ?Yet the historic election of President Obama temporarily halted the cloud of racial pessimism that has hovered over our society since the 1600s and followed us through succeeding eras of hard-earned, if altogether underwhelming, progress:
We have 44 African-American Congresspersons (out of 435, or 10%, near-parity), zero black Senators (out of 100), 1 black governor (out of 56), and just 250-500 black mayors (out of 19,000 cities, or 2.6%).
If there?s a custom tile that you love but your budget won?t allow you to cover the entire bathroom with it, use it as an accent tile and purchase lower-cost field tiles. You?ll save money and still get the look you want.
It is our goal to help Florida homeowners by providing you helpful information to allow you to easily, efficiently and cost effectively enjoy your Florida home.
If there are ever ANY questions about maintaining your home, feel free to call me directly. We are afterall, ?Your property consultants for life?
SWF Home Inspections, Inc
Providing home inspection services to clients throughout SW Florida including Sarasota, Venice, Nokomis, Osprey, Bradenton, North Port, Englewood, Port Charlotte, Punta Gorda, Boca Grande, Arcadia, and surrounding communities.
Stocks closed near session lows in volatile trading Tuesday, with the S&P 500 breaking below 1,400, as ongoing worries over the "fiscal cliff" trumped a batch of positive economic reports and optimism over the Greek deal.
Stocks took another leg lower in the afternoon after Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid said he is disappointed with the little progress made in the recent debt talks. Reid's comments echoed Senator Dick Durbin's cautious statement over the weekend.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 89.24 points, or 0.69 percent, to end at 12,878.13, dragged by Hewlett-Packard. Intel led the blue-chip gainers.
The S&P 500 declined 7.35 points, or 0.52 percent, to finish at 1,398.94. And the Nasdaq fell 8.99 points, or 0.30 percent, to close at 2,967.79.
The CBOE Volatility Index, widely considered the best gauge of fear in the market, traded above 15.
Most key S&P sectors finished in negative territory, led by banks and energy. Utilities closed higher for a second-straight session.
?Consumer and investors alike are concerned about the fiscal cliff,? said David Kudla, CEO and chief investment strategist at Mainstay Capital Management. ?Market is going to suffer from headline risk until we get to that deal.?
Investors were focused on politicians? efforts to resolve the $600 billion ?fiscal cliff? of automatic tax hikes and spending cuts due to hit the U.S. economy at the end of the year. Negotiations are expected to resume this week as policymakers return to Washington from the Thanksgiving holiday.
European shares were higher after Greece's international creditors secured a deal to reduce the troubled nation's debt by 40 billion euros ($51.9 billion) and changed the debt target for the country to 124 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) by 2020, from 120 percent previously.
?Nothing else matters?everyone is focused on the resolution of the fiscal cliff,? said John Fox, co-manager of the FAM Value Fund. ?Stocks will most likely muddle through until we come to some solution.?
ConAgra agreed to acquire Ralcorp in a deal worth nearly $5 billion to become the biggest private label food company in North America.
Facebook rose to hit a four-month high after Nomura boosted its price target on the social-networking giant to $32 from $27 a share.
Yelp gained after Cantor Fitzgerald raised its rating on the business review site to "buy."
In a quiet day for earnings, home security firm ADT posted better-than-expected earnings and said its board approved a $2 billion share repurchasing program over three years.
Green Mountain and Analog Devices are scheduled to post earnings after the closing bell.
Corning rallied after the glass manufacturer said it sees stronger-than-expected fourth-quarter LCD glass volume and full-year sales of its gorilla glass approaching $1 billion, thanks to robust demand for LCD televisions and other consumer electronic devices in North America and China.
Dollar General will replace Cooper Industries to join the S&P 500 index after the close of trading Friday. The move comes as a result of Eaton's plans to acquire Cooper.
On the economic front, home prices rose for the sixth-consecutive month in September, according to the S&P/Case-Shiller home price index. Meanwhile, consumer confidence rose to its highest level in 4-1/2 years in November, according to the Conference Board.
And durable goods were unchanged in October, according to the Commerce Department.
The government auctioned $35 billion in 2-year notes at a high yield of 0.27 percent. The bid-to-cover was 4.07.
Have you ever set up a fresh web site by using an Andre Johnson Jersey internet hosting business? These days, sites are much easier to build, people these days are setting up their very own sites and getting them sponsored. What occurs, although, should you get caught up? It is crucial that you simply select a trustworthy web hosting business that offers great tech support. Keep reading for some advice on other essential factors to consider in choosing an internet web hosting service service.
Choose a hosting company which offers unrestricted disk place and data transfer. You simply will not need to be concerned about groing through the consumption limit. Web hosting service programs that limit hard drive room and data transfer usually will charge a fee extra for each and every unit of drive room or bandwidth utilized over the restriction. If you do not check it, this may set you back a lot of money.
In choosing Andre Johnson Jersey an online web hosting support, verify when they have a cash-back promise. This is especially significant if you choose to make the most of cost?s savings by paying in advance for a 12 months or even more of services. It will also offer you a hint about the professionalism and trust of your assistance you will be choosing.
Web hosts need to revise their machines regularly as well as your site will probably be unavailable when this occurs. Locate a service that lets you know upfront whenever your web site will likely be straight down and which upgrades their web servers at any given time during the day where you are not getting lots of appointments.
Prior to selecting Andre Johnson Jersey your online internet hosting service, figure out whether or not you have got to use website layouts. A lot of hosts will give you user friendly web templates for building your website without making use of Html code knowledge or even a professional designer. Should you need this particular service, then pick a variety that provide a wide array of themes.
Before you sign to a web-based web hosting service services and selecting a plan that meets your fast needs, verify precisely what the process will probably be if you need to improve at a later time. Different types of plans may possibly, or may not, support the solutions that you may want to add more in the foreseeable future. Ensure that your recent Andre Johnson Jersey plan can easily be transformed into an even more complicated one particular without having to commence from the beginning.
Selecting a hosting company is definitely an exceptional possibility for you to give rise to the planet. In case you are jogging an internet business, this can also be a fantastic advertising and marketing opportunity. You must be able to very easily determine whether the web variety uses green potential resources, and in case they have energy saving techniques into position.
It is vital that you back up your web site regularly to your own host or any other place and you should not rely on your variety to get this done. In case your number moves bankrupt or if perhaps their program just goes down, you might be unable to obtain your information back from them.
You now Andre Johnson Jersey realize how to differentiate between your very good and the terrible hosting firms. Keep the earlier mentioned recommendations at heart while you research prices for any web hosting company, to be sure that you find one that gives high quality for your $ $ $ $ spent. This is probably the finest investments you may make down the road of your online business.
Authorized http://www.texansteamshoponline.com Store shows numerous low cost http://www.texansteamshoponline.com/texans_pro_shop_brooks_reed_jersey_c_10.html without delay with Fast Delivery service, Tighten Payment & Wonderful Support Services.
A 5-year-old girl was shot in the stomach by a stray bullet after returning home from a baby shower with her family on Sunday, the New York Daily News reports . Scroll down for video of story Haily Dominguez (pictured) is listed in critical but stable condition
Read the original here: 5-Year-Old Shot By Stray Bullet After Leaving Baby Shower With Family
To grasp matters increased transparently, it can be important and vital for consumers and businesses alike to be aware of what they want of Web hosting India Companies. By doing this, they will normally relay the message to their sellers to include perfect, extraordinary and satisfactory abilities that may make the hosting method complete and take a look relatively inspiring. When the necessities are gauged, it?s extraordinarily easy to just take the transfer in advance.
The web Internet hosting Company in India sets up the web hosting India services for yourself thru which you host your web site which further more amenities advice, photos, audio information, videos and several way more abilities comprehensively describing the aim guiding putting together your website. Online end users that way reach know your products and services, goods and options more beneficial. The customer receives good enough server place which he makes use of to retailer documents and documents.
The disk area made available from the webhosting corporation in India permits you to add and conserve many of the documents and codes earning up the website in totality. Bandwidth is important for your internet site gets to deal with a sizable variety of prospects. Also available may be the facts about the potential consumers exhibiting up at your site plus the time they fork out on the web pages. The information is good for those who plan to acquire their establishments towards upcoming amount entirely.
Website hosting India products and services show you how to produce varied electronic mail accounts on your own internet site, introducing more to client reliability. In the event that you send an email from a web sites deal with, the shopper rarely problems the reliability of one?s group.
The provider permits any group to make a database that perhaps results in being indispensable for online business promoters. Other amenities which might be extra for your web site have browsing carts, discussion boards, chat panels and communities from some others. Communication develops into easier and the variety of views on the websites may also be recognised.
A server that features very well would be the critical to possess a healthily functioning websites, website hosting taking sufficient precedence here. Nobody wants to acquire his website hosted on the server that crashed often for just a lot of internet site visitors is lost during the procedure.
There is certainly various sorts of Web hosting India Companies. They include things like the likes of Shared Hosting, Devoted Internet hosting, Reseller Hosting, and Virtual Private Server Hosting and many others. Each one of these products and services are available by a decent Webhosting Firm in India and clearly accounted for. They are presented at good rates and one can avail them all time through putting an ask for with the equivalent.
Know About Shared Web Hosting Services can give you maximum data for Is Free Internet Hosting Price It.Be sure to drop by and see the written article for additional facts!
Related posts:
What?S The Definition Of Internet Hosting Discover Out What An Online Host Is And How To Select An Excellent One
Internet Hosting Types And How One Can The Select Finest Hosting Service For Your Small Business
Web Hosting Must You Select One
Low Cost Funds Hosting Providing Top Quality Web Hosting Packages At Cheap Charges
For free-living organisms, the ability to sense and respond to the outside environment is crucial for survival. Eukaryotes, such as animals and plants, often have highly complex network systems in place to monitor their surroundings and respond effectively, but bacteria have developed a remarkably simple system. It?s called the ?Two Component System? because it literally relies on just two components; a sensor and a responder. The sensor picks up the signal, communicates this to the responder, which then causes the effect.
The components of the two-component signalling system. Picture (c) me.
The picture above shows this process happening. The ?communication? of the message from the sensor to the responder, as shown by the coloured arrows, is carried out by transferring phosphate molecules. The signal interacting with the sensor causes the sensor to autophosphorylate (phosphorylate itself) and then pass the phosphate molecule onto the responder to trigger the response. The letters ?H? and ?D? are the actual amino-acids being phosphorylated; Histadine and Aspartate.
Although Two-Component Systems (TCS) are found in all three superkingdoms of life (archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes) they are suspiciously absent from the animal kingdom. Plants have them, as do fungi and several protazoa, but they just aren?t present in animals. For this reason they?ve been looked into as potential antibiotic targets as knocking out the Two-Component Systems of most bacteria is fatal.
Why don?t animals use TCS? To answer this you have to start looking at the evolution of the system itself, because despite being nominally present in eukaryotes such as plants and fungi, TCS are used very differently. Bacteria use TCS for sensing a wide variety of signals; stress, metabolism, nutrient regulation, chemotaxis, pathogen-host interactions etc. In eukaryotes on the other hand they are used sparingly; for ethylene responses and photosensitivity in plants and osmoregulation in fungi and slime moulds.
Bacteria (especially soil bacteria which have a lot of environment to sense) can contain up to 50 TCS although many internal parasite bacteria contain a lot fewer. The maximum number found in archaea is around 20 and they are even scarer in eukaryotes with only one in bakers yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ? one sensor kinase and three response regulators). None have yet been found in any animal genomes, or in the protist genomes as far as I know (although it is possible recent protist research may have unearthed a few)
Comparing the TCS genes of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes leads to the interesting conclusion that the bacterial and eukaryotic systems are far more closely related than the archaeal, and in fact are thought to be monophyletic (all evolved from a single common ancestor). In contrast, the archaeal TCS appear to be polyphyletic (several ancestors) and some archaea lack TCS entirely. It?s therefore thought that TCS originated in bacteria and spread by horizontal gene transfer to both archaea and eukaryotes. As horizontal gene transfer relies on DNA moving from one species to another, no further transfer to eukaryotes could occur after they developed larger cells with a nuclear membrane. In eukaryotes very little further diversification took place, whereas the bacterial TCS diversified widely, and occasionally passed new systems back to the archaea. I?ve tried to show this in the diagram below:
The passage of genes for two-component-systems through the three superkingdoms of life
The diagram above attempts to show the movement of the TCS genes through the three superkingdoms of life. Red arrows show the horizontal transfer (straight arrows) and gene duplication (curved arrows) of TCS genes. No horizontal gene transfer can take place in eukaryotes after the nuclear membrane (well?.it can do but is very, very rare) although gene duplication may still have occurred.
The eukaryotic superkingdom appears not to have contained very many of these TCS genes to start with, and the animal kingdom may just have lost the very few it possessed. This makes sense from the point of view of cellular control because while TCS are very useful in bacteria with their small genome and independent lifestyles, it?s less clear how useful they are in eukaryotes as a whole. Introducing a membrane around the nucleus makes it harder for proteins to get in and bind to the DNA, and in a large complicated cell it?s harder for a simple two-component system to sense what?s going on. Added to which, cells inside a multicellular organism don?t really need to sense what?s going on, they get told what?s going on by the surrounding cells and circulating hormones.
Whatever the reason though it is clear that despite this system being vital for bacteria it isn?t used widely, or most likely at all, in animals. Research into this would be particularly useful against opportunistic pathogens which tend to have a large selection of two-component systems to allow them to adapt to different lifestyles depending on the conditions of their immediate environment.
?
Kristin K. Koretke , Andrei N. Lupas , Patrick V. Warren , Martin Rosenberg , and James R. Brown (2000). Evolution of Two-Component Signal Transduction Mol Biol Evol, 17, 1956-1970
Wolanin PM, Thomason PA, & Stock JB (2002). Histidine protein kinases: key signal transducers outside the animal kingdom. Genome biology, 3 (10) PMID: 12372152
CAIRO (Reuters) - Youths clashed with police in Cairo on Saturday as protests at new powers assumed by President Mohamed Mursi stretched into a second day, confronting Egypt with a crisis that has exposed the split between newly empowered Islamists and their opponents.
A handful of hardcore activists hurling rocks battled riot police in the streets near Tahrir Square, where several thousand protesters massed on Friday to demonstrate against a decree that has rallied opposition ranks against Mursi.
Following a day of violence in Cairo, Alexandria, Port Said and Suez, the smell of teargas hung over the square, the heart of the uprising that swept Hosni Mubarak from power in February 2011.
More than 300 people were injured on Friday. Offices of the Muslim Brotherhood, which propelled Mursi to power, were attacked in at least three cities.
Egypt's highest judicial authority said the decree marked an "unprecedented attack" on the independence of the judiciary, the state news agency reported.
Leftist, liberal and socialist parties have called for an open-ended sit-in with the aim of "toppling" the decree which has also drawn statements of concern from the United States and the European Union. A few dozen activists manning makeshift barricades kept traffic out of the square on Saturday.
Calling the decree "fascist and despotic", Mursi's critics called for a big protest on Tuesday against a move they say has revealed the autocratic impulses of a man jailed by Mubarak, who outlawed Mursi's Muslim Brotherhood.
"We are facing a historic moment in which we either complete our revolution or we abandon it to become prey for a group that has put its narrow party interests above the national interest," the liberal Dustour Party said in a statement.
Issued late on Thursday, the decree marks an effort by the Mursi administration to consolidate its influence after it successfully sidelined Mubarak-era generals in August.
The decree reflects the Muslim Brotherhood's suspicion towards sections of a judiciary unreformed from Mubarak's days: it guards from judicial review decisions taken by Mursi until a new parliament is elected in a vote expected early next year.
It also shields the assembly writing Egypt's new constitution from a raft of legal challenges that have threatened the Islamist-dominated assembly with dissolution.
The Mursi administration has defended the decree on the grounds that it aims to speed up a protracted transition from Mubarak's rule to a new system of democratic government.
"It aims to sideline Mursi's enemies in the judiciary and ultimately to impose and head off any legal challenges to the constitution," said Elijah Zarwan, a fellow with The European Council on Foreign Relations.
"We are in a situation now where both sides are escalating and its getting harder and harder to see how either side can gracefully climb down," Zarwan said.
"INTIFADA"
A central element of Egypt's transition, the drafting of the constitution has been plagued by divisions between Islamists and their more secular-minded opponents, nearly all of whom have withdrawn from the body writing the document.
Mursi's new powers allowed him to replace the prosecutor general - a Mubarak holdover who the new president had tried to replace in October only to kick up a storm of protest from the judiciary, which said he had exceeded his authorities.
At an emergency meeting called to discuss the decree, the Supreme Judicial Council, Egypt's highest judicial authority, urged "the president of the republic to distance this decree from everything that violates the judicial authority".
Al-Masry Al-Youm, one of Egypt's most widely read dailies, hailed Friday's protest as "The November 23 Intifada", invoking the Arabic word for uprising. "The people support the president's decisions," declared Freedom and Justice, the newspaper run by the Brotherhood's political party.
The ultraorthodox Salafi Islamist groups that have been pushing for tighter application of Islamic law in the new constitution have rallied behind the decree.
The Nour Party, one such group, stated its support for the Mursi decree. Al-Gama'a al-Islamiya, which carried arms against the state in the 1990s, said it would save the revolution from what it described as remnants of the Mubarak regime.
Facing the biggest storm of criticism since he won the presidential election in June, Mursi addressed his supporters outside the presidential palace on Friday. He said opposition did not worry him, but it had to be "real and strong".
Candidates defeated by Mursi in the presidential vote joined the protests against his decision on Friday. Former Arab League Secretary General Amr Moussa was photographed linking arms with leftist Hamdeen Sabahi, liberal Mohamed ElBaradei and others.
Mursi is now confronted with a domestic crisis just as his administration won international praise for mediating an end to the eight-day war between Israel and Palestinians in the Gaza Strip.
"The decisions and declarations announced on November 22 raise concerns for many Egyptians and for the international community," State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said in a statement.
The European Union urged Mursi to respect the democratic process, while the United Nations expressed fears about human rights.
Do You Know What Internet Marketing Is? Find Out More With These Tips.
By GuestBlogger|Internet Marketing Articles
TIP! If you?re going to rely on claims in marketing your product, make sure they are claims you can prove. Be believable in your claims and try to demonstrate the benefits of what you are promoting with a video, so that customers can see for themselves.
Web marketing should be part of every business owner?s website development plans. It may seem simple, but you need to learn as much as you can. This article will give you the information that you need to know in order to be successful with Internet promotion.
TIP! Ask major companies to add your link to their site, this will make you more credible. When customers recognize well-known brands next to the name of your business, they will be more likely to trust your business.
You must know your competition if you are to succeed with an online business. Find areas for improvement by scouring the sites of other businesses in your industry. Find out what areas of service your competition doesn?t provide that you do and highlight these differences on your site.
TIP! Consider what a customer would think of your web page when you are reviewing it. Is it easy to use? Is reading it entertaining? Can people place orders easily and quickly? It is a waste of your time to attract customers through all of your SEO efforts just to lose the sale because they cannot navigate easily through your site.
You should back your products and offer a guarantee to your customer base. Of course, you will have to otherwise establish your credibility in order for customers to take it seriously, but people like knowing that they aren?t risking their money. Customers value their hard-earned cash highly, and when they see a guarantee, they believe their chances of wasting their money are lower.
TIP! Your ordering system must be 100% secure. Use an online banking service, like Paypal, to ensure your transactions are safe.
Make your website engaging and interesting. What your website looks like, as well as the content it contains, will have a huge bearing on your degree of success. The webpage should be very well made and have content that is of interest to people. It should engage visitors and have them interested in looking around and seeing what you have to offer.
TIP! Creating viral videos and using tags can help you succeed with Internet marketing. Don?t forget to put a link leading to your site in the video?s description.
Try to market without resorting to spam. Although it might seem easy to promote your site using software that crawls the web and fires off comments and e-mails, you probably won?t be very successful at all. Such a heavy-handed and impersonal method of advertising is more likely to annoy people than to reach anyone interested in what you are trying to sell.
TIP! Strategic placement of ads is the cornerstone of Internet marketing. There are many companies who will allow you to do this, and Google AdSense is a very popular one.
If your website marketing plan is strong, you already have a good grasp on which products will bring you the most profit. As for your next step, you should use the products as flagpoles to get more sales. Identify and advertise the most useful accessories and complementary products for your big sellers. Each of these other products will get more attention because of their relation to your best sellers, and they won?t require the same amount of advertising as other, unrelated products.
TIP! Use AJAX and Flash sparingly. Don?t overload your site with Flash animations that annoy customers.
If you want to win with Online marketing you should be serious about having great content on your site. Try various color schemes until you find one that looks great with your products. How a website presents itself is a major determining factor as a visitor decides whether to stay or look elsewhere.
TIP! Make a simple video where you demonstrate using the products that you are selling. It gives people confidence to see someone else using a particular product.
Trust is vital to attracting and keeping customers. Your promotions and marketing efforts must be based in fact. Have expert endorsement, clinical test results, and testimonials available on your website.
TIP! Use banner ads that stand out. An exciting or interesting banner ad will attract more attention and inspire more clicks.
A great online marketing tip to use is to take full advantage of things like image searches performed by customers. Try to pack your site with relative images to get more interest in your site. You will find that more people will stop at your site and look around. This builds familiarity with your brand and makes them likely to return.
TIP! Customer follow up is essential. After the customer has had your product for a little while, politely ask them to complete a feedback survey or submit a review.
This following article offers advice and information regarding web marketing. Your landing page should have a very clear objective. This page needs to be focused on selling your product. Once your viewer arrives on your landing page, they should immediately know exactly what you are selling. If it is hard to find your product, your visitor is likely to leave disappointed.
TIP! You may want to offer your customer incentives to increase immediate sales. There are many different ways to draw in customers by offering them specials, such as free shipping or discounted prices if you spend over a certain amount of dollars.
Add a feedback form to the bottom of your advertisement that solicits opinions and explanations from people who have made the decision not to purchase. They might have disliked the copy content, the guarantee offered or something else.
TIP! To get the most from your Internet marketing efforts, be sure you always provide original content rather than just copying what others have written. Their filters are getting better and better at finding duplicate content, so even if you gain a little in the short term, you will end up losing later on.
Use limited-time incentives. It could be anything from free shipping to a rebate. Make sure that you highlight the end date of the offer to create a feeling of urgency.
TIP! Handle customer complaints on your own. You may want to get some outside help, but you will do better to handle customer service yourself.
Usually you want to avoid mixing your business into your personal life. However, this is one of the few exceptions. The reason is that it?s low-pressure, and could even be considered a profitable leisure activity. You should include your spouse in this activity, too.
TIP! In order to get into eCommerce, you will have to first build a website. This is a great first step for those new to running a web business.
Marketing any kind of service or product benefits from evocative phrases that imply or even promise instantaneous or near future gratification. Mention how quickly orders can be placed, how rapidly they are shipped, and how soon your customers can benefit from your products. This means configuring your site for faster downloads, optimizing your checkout process for the least amount of clicks while maintaning high security, and sending immediate email purchase confirmations to customers.
Let your users post reviews. When customer?s post their experiences about your products it gets them involved and can be a great selling tool for your products.
Internet Marketing
TIP! It requires lots of dedication and hard work to make anything successful. Luck alone will not make you money through internet marketing.
As you have seen, internet marketing can be a great way to get the word out about your products. If you want to do the best with Internet marketing, you must be knowledgeable. This article contains excellent pointers to help you learn the ins and outs of Affiliate marketing. Following these steps will lead you to success.